The results show that the control strategy proposed reduces not only temperature rise in the catalyst layer but also the parasitic power needed for operation of the. Following state of theart architecture regarding system redundancy in order to allow implementation of the system on the highest safety level. A fuel cellelectric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source. Transient performance is a key characteristic of fuel cells, that is sometimes more critical than efficiency, due to the importance of accepting unpredictable electric loads. Fuel cells incorporate an anode and a cathode, with an electrolyte in between, similar to a battery. Modeling and control of fuel cell systems and fuel processors. At fuel cell abnormality, a power control signal b status of display a b figure 9.
Nonlinear mpc controller design for air supply of pem fuel. Foreword abs recognizes the increasing use of fuel cells in the marine and offshore industries and their benefits. Next step maritime fuel cell generator will be field tested at scripps institution of. Ieee transactions on control systems technology, 1.
The response of a fuel cell system depends on the air and hydrogen feed, flow and pressure regulation, and heat and water management. Optimal stationary fuel cell integration and control energy. Modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power systems. Fuel cell systems offer clean and efficient energy production and are currently under intensive development by several manufacturers for both stationary and mobile applications. Deploying endtoend hydrogen fueling stations to accelerate global adoption of hydrogen fuel cell solutions. A wide range and precise active and reactive power flow. The air supply system, which provides the oxygen for the fuel cell stack, is one of the most important subsystems of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc. Fuel cell power system with selfregulating control of parasitic loads.
Understanding of integrated fuel cell and hybrid fuel cell gas turbine system dynamics fuel cell systems gas turbine systems solar and wind power systems batteries, ultracapacitors, inverters, other energy storage or conversion devices as integrated into systems dynamic models of fuel cell physics, chemistry, electrochemistry. Pdf modeling and control of fuel cellbattery hybrid power. Innovators at nasa s johnson space center jsc have developed a method for efficiently controlling parasitic power in fuel cell systems. Dynamics, optimization and control of a fuel cell based combined heat power chp system for shipboard. Fuel processor control and power generation fuel cell. A decoupled controller for fuel cell hybrid electric power split.
Hydrogen will be used for generating electrical energy using fuel cell. Principles, modeling, analysis and feedback design. Control of natural gas catalytic partial oxidation for hydrogen generation in fuel cell applications. Pdf control of pem fuel cell distributed generation systems. Fuel cell reactant flow control fuel cell control laboratory.
Since publication of the first edition of fuel cell systems explained, three compelling drivers have supported the continuing development of fuel cell technology. Design of a control strategy for a fuel cellbattery hybrid power supply. In many cases, standard offtheshelf components are just not suitable for use in. Principles, modeling, analysis, and feedback design topics covered include the fuel cell stack and auxiliary components of a fuel cell system model, air flow control for fuel cell cathode oxygen reactant, and control of natural gas fuel processor. Mcfc power plant a model of a direct mcfc stack is investigated as part of an ongoing study of autonomous plantwide and distributed generation control of fuel cell power plants. Whereas studies about the design of fuel cell systems and the electrochemical properties of their components abound in the open literature, there has been only a minor interest, albeit growing, in dynamics and control of fuel cells. In control of fuel cell power systems the application of fuel cells in automotive powertrains is emphasized because of the significance of the contribution to global co 2 emissions made by ground vehicle propulsion and because of the challenge presented by the accompanying control problems. The authors comprehensive controloriented approach. We consider two different and popular ways of connecting the battery and the fuel cell to the load and we refer to them as electric architectures. The problem of greenhouse gas particularly carbon dioxide release during power generation in fixed and mobile systems is widely acknowledged.
Principles, modeling, analysis and feedback design, authorjay t. Transient behavior is a key requirement for the success of fuel cell vehicles. Fuel cell power systems for marine and offshore applications. The fuel cell system that has been studied for ts prolific is intended to be silent rather than environmentally benign. A closedloop dynamic model for the current control loop of the gridtie inverter has been developed. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. Design of power system control in hybrid electric vehicle. Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Dynamics of lowpressure and highpressure fuel cell air supply systems. The components of these systems are basically the same as those for the gridconnected system, except that the system serves independent loads and is not. To fulfill the transient requirement in vehicle propulsion and portable fuel cell applications, a fuel cell stack is typically coupled with a battery through a dcdc converter to form a hybrid power system. Ieee transactions on control systems technology, 152. Modeling and control of fuel cell battery hybrid power systems for portable electronics. Pdf 434 kb economic analysis of stationary pemfc systems, harry j.
Fuel cells generate power from a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen whose only emission is water and some heat. Pdf modeling and control for pem fuel cell stack system. Standalone fuel cell systems have applications in remote areas and islands, as backup power, and in transportation. Develop a 65% peakefficient, direct hydrogen fuel cell power system for. Fuel cell systems provide a more ecofriendly form of backup power for uninterruptible power supplies and standby power systems, than traditional sealed lead acid batteries. On the other hand, in pemfc systems where the hydrogen is supplied not from a compressed tank but directly from a fuel processor unit using natural gas, a mimo control system where the hydrogen level in the fuel cell anode and temperature of the catalytic partial oxidation are controlled by manipulating the natural gas and humidified air flows. Fuel cell engine technology hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Model analysis validated in field experiment testing. At various loads and power status measure the fuel cell and the. Many publications have discussed the importance and the need for a welldesigned control system for fuel cell power. Fuel cell control unit fccu integrated circuits and. The information in this document is the property of lg fuel cell systems inc. Various controller gains are used to span the fuel cell operation from loadfollowing.
A control system, based on power electronics, to integrate the fuel cells and the generator into a hybrid system were thought of. The fuel cellelectric drive system is an economical and attractive technology for mobility with zero local emissions. A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a. Following stateoftheart architecture regarding system redundancy in order to allow implementation of the system on the highest safety level. Power conditioning, control and energy management by hani fadali a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in electrical and computer engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 2008. Control of fuel cell power systems university of michigan. Simplifying control strategies with loaddependent voltage. Relions forward thinking design philosophy results in fuel cell power solutions that give the customer a highly reliable, costeffective and clean energy solution with a seamless upgrade path, maximizing initial investments in fuel cell systems, and dramatically reducing. They are widely regarded as a potential future stationary and mobile power source. As an emerging technique, the need of advanced control systems, which are essential components that guarantee reliable and efficient operations for the power plant, has motivated this investigation. The development of fuel cell technology, an alternative energy source, involves direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy through a controlled chemical reaction.
To compete with the ice engines, however, fuel cell systems must operate and function at least as well as conventional engine. In order to improve the performance of the air supply, a small rechargeable lithium. This is currently the least studied aspect of control of fuel cells, but also one of its most important issues. Pdf a nonlinear fuel cell system dynamic model that is suitable for control study is. Fuel cell systems offer clean and efficient energy production and are currently under intensive development by several manufacturers for both. The operation efficiency of fuel cell power systems varies largely according to their operation conditions, and there exists a unique maximum efficiency point mep. A maximum efficiency point tracking mept controller is designed based on extremum seeking control. At lithiumion battery abnormality, a power control signal b status of display figure 10 is the complete with the hybrid electric vehicle.
A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical. The software written for this thesis is attached to the pdf version of this thesis. A fuel cell electric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source. Fuel cells battery power systems bps quality dc power. Mehrdad ehsani the purpose of this thesis is to design hardware and a control strategy for a fuel cellbattery. Stationary fuel cell power systems with direct fuelcell. Fuel cell power systems alterntive energy backup solutions. Fuel cells are very multidisciplinary systems, where electrical engineering. Monitoring and controlling fuel cell stack system for safety and efficiency. A hybrid fuel cell with gas turbine power plant was envisioned as a baseload power source for distributed generation. The material used for the electrolyte and the design of the supporting structure determine the type and performance of the fuel cell. Modeling and control of hybrid wind photovoltaicfuel cell distributed generation systems by caisheng wang a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in engineering montana state.
This system should be capable of delivering the needed. Fuel cell power systems fuel cell systems provide a more ecofriendly form of backup power for uninterruptible power supplies and standby power systems, than traditional sealed lead acid batteries. Request pdf modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power systems transient performance is a key characteristic of fuel cells, that is sometimes more critical than efficiency, due. Power conditioning and control of fuel cell systems. The fuel cell system power response is limited only by the air and hydrogen feed. Maximum efficiency point tracking control for fuel cell power. Smart, connected fuel cell solutions that allow customers to reach the gold standard of operational efficiency. Power conditioning and control of fuel cell systems springerlink. The focus of this paper is on controlling the power output delivered to an electric motor from a fuel cell through a dcdc converter.
Congress passed an expansion and extension to the 2005 fuel cell tax credits to be available for purchases of fuel cells before december 2016. Stefanopoulou and huei peng, year2004 1 background and introduction. If the inverter is unable to respond properly, then the grid voltage power comes back to the system and damages the fuel cell power conditioning systems. Control of pem fuel cell distributed generation systems article pdf available in ieee transactions on energy conversion 212. In this paper, we develop a dynamic model suitable for the control study of fuel cell systems. Modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel control strategy to maximize the efficiency of fuel cell power generation. Balance of plant components include pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, motors, controllers and batteries. Pdf control algorithm of fuel cellbattery hybrid vehicular power. Because the grid voltage is constantly changing, the inverter must be able to response to it. Fuelcell system is a thermodynamic device that converts the energy of chemical reaction directly into electricity and heat, thus producing efficiently power with a finite rate.
Dynamic simulator and controls for a pem fuel cell power system. Energy optimization in process systems and fuel cells third edition, 2018. The compromise can be mitigated by augmenting the fuel cell power system with an energy buffer such as a battery. Control of fuel cell power systems principles, modeling, analysis. Fuel cell vehicle control fuel cell control laboratory. Optimal power control of hybrid fuel cell systems for an accelerated system warmup.
Maximum efficiency point tracking control for fuel cell. Power conditioning, control and energy management by hani fadali a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in electrical and computer engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 2008 hani fadali 2008. The viability, efficiency, and robustness of this technology depend on understanding, predicting, and controlling the unique transient behavior of the fuel cell system. The electric drive converts the energy into motion. Control of fuel cell power systems principles, modeling. Pdf in this paper, a control strategy for a vehicular power system combined with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a battery energy system. Control of fuel cell power systems semantic scholar. Block diagram of a standalone fuel cell system is shown in figure 6. Parasitic power refers to power required for internal system.
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